• Basic information
• Learning outcomes
• Contents
• Assessment
• Workload

Learning outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Use the techniques applied in conservation of plant biodiversity.

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define the relationship among life forms and their environments and ecosystems
   2. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.

   Method of assessment

   1. Laboratory exercise/exam
2. Produce solutions to problems faced in conservation of biodiversity.

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define and manipulate advanced concepts of Biology
   2. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.
   3. Understand the importance of identification, utilization and maintenance of the biological diversity in the country.

   Method of assessment

   1. Homework assignment
3. Apply molecular techniques used for classification of biodiversity.

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Know and apply the techniques used in gene and protein engineering / microbial identification / enzyme technologies / mammalian cell culture and plant tissue culture manipulations.
   2. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.

   Method of assessment

   1. Laboratory exercise/exam

Contents
Week 1:	The Role of Plant Biotechnology in the World and Its Development Usage of DNA markers in plant biotechnology -RFLP -PCR
Week 2:	Usage of DNA markers in plant biotechnology -RAPD -AP-PCR -DAF -AFLP -STMS -ISSR
Week 3:	Plant Tissue Culture -Plant growth regulators -Methods (meristem culture and organogenesis)
Week 4:	Plant Tissue Culture - Methods (somatic embryogenesis, cell suspansion, anther ve protoplast cultures
Week 5:	Applications of Plant Tissue Culture -Micropropagation -Production of synthetic seeds -Protoplast fusions -Production of transgenic plants
Week 6:	In vitro Plant Stress -The role of phytohormones -The role of etylene
Week 7:	Mid-term Exam/ The Genetic Stability of Micropropagated Plants I -Somaclonal variations
Week 8:	The Genetic Stability of Micropropagated Plants II -The methods used for the identification of somaclonal variations
Week 9:	Production of Secondary Metabolites -Terpenes -Alkaloids -Phenly propanoids -Flavonoids
Week 10:	Production of Secondary Metabolites -Production in cell suspansion cultures -Production in organ cultures
Week 11:	The Usage of Bioreactors for the Mass Propagation of Plants -Automation and liquid cultures
Week 12:	The Usage of Bioreactors for the Mass Propagation of Plants -Temporary immersion bioreactors
Week 13:	Medium and Long Term Conservation Techniques Used for Preservation of Plant Germplasms -In vitro conservation techniques --Cryopreservation (dehydration and vitrification, encapsulation/dehydration and encapsulation/vitrification methods)
Week 14:	Phytoremedition -Biotechnological approaches
Week 15*:	-
Week 16*:	Final Exam
Textbooks and materials:
Recommended readings:	1. Somatic embryogenesis in woody plants, Mohan Jain S., Pramud K. Gupta, Newton R.J. Kluwer Acad, 1999. 2. Plant Tissue Culture, Techniques and Experiments, Smith, R. H., Academic Press, San Diego, 2000. 3. Automation and environmental control in plant tissue culture Aitken-Christie J..et al, Kluwer Acad, 1999. 4. Cryopreservation of plant cells and organs, Kartha K.K., CRC Press, 1985. 5. Transgenic plants: methods and protocols, Leonardo Pena, Humana Press, 2005.
	* Between 15th and 16th weeks is there a free week for students to prepare for final exam.

Assessment
Method of assessment	Week number	Weight (%)
Mid-terms:	8	30
Other in-term studies:		0
Project:		0
Homework:	6, 12, 14	10
Quiz:		0
Final exam:	16	60
	Total weight:	(%)

Workload
Activity	Duration (Hours per week)	Total number of weeks	Total hours in term
Courses (Face-to-face teaching):	3	14
Own studies outside class:	6	14
Practice, Recitation:	0	0
Homework:	5	3
Term project:	0	0
Term project presentation:	0	0
Quiz:	0	0
Own study for mid-term exam:	8	2
Mid-term:	3	1
Personal studies for final exam:	10	2
Final exam:	3	1
		Total workload:
		Total ECTS credits:	*
	* ECTS credit is calculated by dividing total workload by 25. (1 ECTS = 25 work hours)