• Basic information
• Learning outcomes
• Contents
• Assessment
• Workload

Learning outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Learn Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria taxonomy Learn microecology of Lactobacilli in gut flora information about microbial ecology and composition of intestinal flora Information about Industrial prebiotics and probiotics Chemistry of prebiotics and molecular biology of probiotics.

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define and manipulate advanced concepts of Biology
   2. Critically review the literature pertaining to his/her research projects, and connect the earlier literature to his/her own results,
   3. Define the relationship among life forms and their environments and ecosystems
   4. Identify structure-function relationships in cells and organisms
   5. Know and apply the techniques used in gene and protein engineering / microbial identification / enzyme technologies / mammalian cell culture and plant tissue culture manipulations.
   6. Acquire scientific knowledge and work independently,
   7. Work effectively in multi-disciplinary research teams
   8. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.
   9. Effectively express his/her research ideas and findings both orally and in writing

   Method of assessment

   1. Written exam
   2. Homework assignment
2. Describe Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define and manipulate advanced concepts of Biology
   2. Identify structure-function relationships in cells and organisms
   3. Know and apply the techniques used in gene and protein engineering / microbial identification / enzyme technologies / mammalian cell culture and plant tissue culture manipulations.
   4. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.

   Method of assessment

   1. Written exam
   2. Homework assignment
3. List genetically modified probiotics

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define and manipulate advanced concepts of Biology
   2. Identify structure-function relationships in cells and organisms
   3. Explain transmission of genetic background in organisms and populations
   4. Ability to work independently and take responsibility
   5. Apply biological concepts to personal, social, economical, technological and ethical issues

   Method of assessment

   1. Written exam
   2. Homework assignment
4. List molecular methods for prebiotics and probiotics

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Define and manipulate advanced concepts of Biology
   2. Define the relationship among life forms and their environments and ecosystems
   3. Identify structure-function relationships in cells and organisms
   4. Know and apply the techniques used in gene and protein engineering / microbial identification / enzyme technologies / mammalian cell culture and plant tissue culture manipulations.
   5. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.

   Method of assessment

   1. Written exam
   2. Homework assignment
5. Apply methods for production of probiotics

   Contribution to Program Outcomes

   1. Know and apply the techniques used in gene and protein engineering / microbial identification / enzyme technologies / mammalian cell culture and plant tissue culture manipulations.
   2. Ability to work independently and take responsibility
   3. Find out new methods to improve his/her knowledge.

   Method of assessment

   1. Written exam
   2. Homework assignment
   3. Seminar/presentation

Contents
Week 1:	Molecular Methods in Microbial Ecology Taxonomy of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria The Microecology of Lactobacilli in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Week 2:	Exopolysaccharide Production by Intestinal Lactobacilli Beyond Genome Sequences: Approaches to Genome-wide Analysis of Gut Bacteria
Week 3:	Molecular Interactions of Commensal Enteric Bacteria with the Intestinal Epithelium and the Mucosal Immune System: Implications for Chronic Intestinal Inflammation Genetically Modified Probiotics Bacterial Therapeutics for the Treatment and Prevention of Urogenital Infections
Week 4:	Prebiotics and the Infant Microbiota The Tangled Bank and Gut Microbial Ecology
Week 5:	Probiotics and prebiotics: where are we going?
Week 6:	Fluoresence in situ hybridisation as a tool in intestinal bacteriology
Week 7:	From composition to functionality of the intestinal microflora
Week 8:	MIDTERM EXAM
Week 9:	Genus- and species-specific PCR primers for the detection and identification of Bifidobacteria
Week 10:	Prebiotic oligosaccharides: evaluation of biological activities and potential future developments
Week 11:	Prebiotics and calcium bioavailability
Week 12:	The possible role of probiotic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
Week 13:	Gut microflora and atopic disease
Week 14:	Genomic perspectives on probiotics and the gastrointestinal microflora Intestinal microflora and homeostasis of the mucosal immune response: implications for probiotics?
Week 15*:	Summary
Week 16*:	Final exam
Textbooks and materials:
Recommended readings:	Probiotics and Prebiotics. Caister Academic Press. Gerald W. Tannock University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. September 2005. ISBN-10: 1-904455-01-8 ISBN-13: 978-1-904455-01-1. 2. Probiotics and Prebiotics: Where are We Going? Caister Academic Press.Gerald W. Tannock, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. June 2002. ISBN-10: 0-9542464-1-1. ISBN-13: 978-0-9542464-1-9 3. Probiotic Bacteria: Fundamentals, Therapy, and Technological AspectsHardcover– April 2, 2014. by J. Paulo Sousa e Silva Editor), Ana Cristina Freitas (Editor). ISBN-13: 000-9814411620 ISBN-10: 9814411620 4. Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and TechnologyHardcover– August 12, 2009. by Dimitris Charalampopoulos (Editor), Robert A. Rastall(Editor). ISBN-13: 978-0387790572ISBN-10: 0387790578 Edition: 2009th. 5. Prebiyotikler ve probiyotikler ile ilgili güncel makalelerden derlenmiş ders notları.
	* Between 15th and 16th weeks is there a free week for students to prepare for final exam.

Assessment
Method of assessment	Week number	Weight (%)
Mid-terms:	8	50
Other in-term studies:		0
Project:		0
Homework:		0
Quiz:		0
Final exam:	16	50
	Total weight:	(%)

Workload
Activity	Duration (Hours per week)	Total number of weeks	Total hours in term
Courses (Face-to-face teaching):	3	14
Own studies outside class:	8	14
Practice, Recitation:	0	0
Homework:	5	6
Term project:	0	0
Term project presentation:	0	0
Quiz:	0	0
Own study for mid-term exam:	10	0
Mid-term:	6	0
Personal studies for final exam:	3	1
Final exam:	0	0
		Total workload:
		Total ECTS credits:	*
	* ECTS credit is calculated by dividing total workload by 25. (1 ECTS = 25 work hours)